Signs and symptoms of diseases causing obesity Investigations, Complications of obesity
Understanding basics of Medical management
Approach to clients not losing weight.
A. HYPOTHYROIDISM :-
1. Obesity
2. Skin texture - dull
3. Puffy Face & Bloated Look
4. Feet Swollen
5. Not loosing weight
6. Constipation
7. Tiredness
8. Decrease Pulse Rate
(Bradycardia) Below 60b/min
09. Knee Reflex (Jerk)++).
10. Depressed
11. Recurrent Miscarriage
12. Eyes lustreless
13. Infertility
14. Hair-Dull & brittle
15. Acidity
16. Non-pitting edema
17. Irregular Period .
Investigations for Hypothyroidism :-
TEST REFER :-T3, T4, TSH, Free T4.
HYPERTHYROIDISM ( In overdrive) :-
Thyroid Controls
Heart Beat
Digestion
Thought Process
Anxiety
Jittery
Wt loss
Sweaty Palms
Infertility & Miscarriage
Late Osteoporosis
Tachycardia.
HYPOTHYROID VS HYPERTHYROIDISM
PHOTO
B. POLYCYSTIC OVERIYAN DISEASE (P.C.O.D).
Common Complaints-
Menstrual Irregularities
Hirsutism
Acne
Central type of Weight Gain
Strong Family History of Diabetes.
Investigations in PCOD :-
Detailed Hormonal Studies
FSH/LH ratio and Testosterone(Free & Total)
USG for Ovarian Cyst
Insulin Levels (F Insulin/ PP insulin)
High Protein Diet
Diet- Low Carbohydrate , High Fiber diet. Complex carbohydrate advocated.
Treatment of PCOD :-
01. Metformin- besides hormonal therapy- Glycephage, Glycomet, X-Met Etc.
02. High Protein Diet.
03. Emphasize Physical Exercise.
04. WEIGHT LOSS (MAIN TREATMENT).
C. DIABETES MELLITUS . TYPE II & INSULIN RESISTANCE
Polyuria - Frequent urination
Polydipsia - Feel very thirsty
Polyphagia - Feel very hungry
General weakness
Decreased resistance to infection
Decreased ability of wound healing
Dehydration as a result of excessive water or electrolyte loss
There may be no symptoms at all.
INVESTIGATIONS :-
Fasting Blood Sugar
PP Blood Sugar
GTT
HbA1C
Urine sugar.
TREATMENT :-
WEIGHT LOSS
Role of METFORMIN in TYPE 2 Diabetes
Balance Diet
Emphasize Physical Exercise.
D. Hyperprolactinemia :-
Weight gain
Hirsutism
Headaches
Menstrual irregularity
Discharge from breast
Serum prolactin ( Ref Range 10.6-23.3ng/ml (Nanogram).
D. DRUGS CAUSING OBESITY :-
Oral Contraceptives – e.g. Ovral,
Bipolar disorder- Lithium,
Steroids – Wysolone,
Prednisolone Betnelan
Hypertension- Nifedipine – Depin
Anti depressants – Tricyclic antidepressants
Anti convulsants – Tegretol, Dilantin
Anti diabetics – Insulin, Daonil, Pioz, Rezult
Herbal Medication and other indigenous medications.
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